The Spanish city of Valencia is marking a significant historical milestone: the 550th anniversary of what is widely considered the birth of modern chess. This period, specifically around 1475, saw the introduction of radical rule changes that transformed the game, most notably empowering the queen piece with its formidable modern movement.
This pivotal evolution is primarily linked to the poem Scachs d’amor (Chess of Love), penned by three Valencian poets around 1475. This work uniquely described a game played with the `new` rules, featuring the vastly more powerful queen and bishop. This innovation injected a dynamic complexity into chess, shifting it from a slower, more positional game to the faster, tactical contest recognized today.
Further cementing Valencia`s claim, the first printed book detailing these modern rules was published in the city on May 15, 1495. Authored by Francesch Vicent, this text codified the changes and helped disseminate them across Europe, fundamentally altering the global trajectory of the game.
Official Recognition and Anniversary Celebrations
In recognition of this profound heritage, the Valencian Parliament has officially decreed May 15th as the Autonomous Community of Valencia`s annual Chess Day. This unanimous decision, supported by all political groups, underscores the region`s pride in its historical contribution and highlights the educational and cultural benefits of chess. Designating a specific day serves as a lasting tribute to this legacy.
The 550th anniversary (1475-2025) is being celebrated throughout 2025 with a series of events aimed at promoting chess and educating the public about its Valencian origins.
Chess Legend Viswanathan Anand Visits the Cradle of Modern Chess
A major highlight of the anniversary celebrations was the recent visit by five-time World Chess Champion and FIDE Deputy President, Viswanathan Anand. His presence in Valencia on May 15th and 16th drew considerable excitement among chess enthusiasts and officials alike.
Anand`s itinerary included meetings with local dignitaries, such as the Mayor of Valencia, María José Catalá, who expressed honor at hosting the chess icon and acknowledged the significance of Valencia`s history to his visit. Discussions explored potential future collaborations to raise international awareness of the city`s role in chess development.
A key part of his visit involved exploring Valencia`s connection to the game firsthand. Anand toured a permanent exhibition dedicated to the history of chess, where researcher José A. Garzón elaborated on the evidence supporting the Valencian origin, including reproductions of key historical documents like *Scachs d’amor* and Francesch Vicent`s pioneering book.
Beyond the historical deep dive, Anand also had the opportunity to experience Valencia`s broader culture, visiting historical sites like the Cathedral and the Silk Exchange, sampling local cuisine, and even attending a session of the unique Tribunal de las Aguas (Water Court).
Masterclass and Connection with the Community
The visit culminated in a masterclass at the University of Valencia, where Anand captivated a full auditorium by analyzing some of his famous games. This interactive session allowed attendees to gain insight into a grandmaster`s thought process, highlighting strategic planning and complex decision-making in chess.
During the masterclass, Anand touched upon the Ruy López opening, a classic Spanish opening, and even viewed a copy of Ruy López de Segura`s 1561 book housed in the university`s historical library – a fitting connection across centuries of Spanish chess history.
Throughout his stay, Anand warmly engaged with fans, signing autographs and posing for photos, leaving an “unforgettable memory” for many. His presence underscored the global reach of chess and symbolically linked his home country, India (with its ancient roots in the game), to Spain through Valencia`s pivotal contribution to the modern game.
Valencia`s celebration of its 550-year legacy serves not only as a tribute to the past but also as a vibrant promotion of chess in the present, reminding the world where the powerful queen, and the modern game we know and love, truly began.
